Poland’s balance of payments in October 2025

NBP data: In October 2025, the current account of the balance of payments posted a surplus in the services account (PLN 13.8bn) and in the trade in goods account (PLN 2.3bn), and deficits in the primary income account (PLN 7.8bn) and in the secondary income account (PLN 0.1bn).

Preliminary data on Poland’s balance of payments in October 2025, released on 15 December 2025, show a surplus of PLN 8.2bn on the country’s current account. In the corresponding month of 2024, the current account balance was also positive and stood at PLN 4.0bn.

According to preliminary data, in October 2025, the turnover of the trade in goods reached its highest value since March 2023. Export and import growth remained at a low, though positive, level. The value of goods exports increased by 3.7% on the October 2024 figure, reaching PLN 137.5bn. The value of goods imports rose by 0.9% on the October 2024 figure, reaching PLN 135.2bn.

In October, like in previous months, the increase in the value of exports was primarily driven by the rise in the sales of other consumer goods. The largest increases in the category were observed in exports of clothing, footwear, and video game consoles. The growth in the sales of buses also remained high. At the same time, the increase in the value of imports continued in the category of agricultural products, although at a lower rate. A further decline was recorded by exporters of passenger cars, automotive parts, and intermediate goods.

The increase in imports was mainly boosted by a rise in the value of supplies of capital goods (mainly computers). Passenger car imports rose for another consecutive month. On the other hand, growth in consumer goods imports (both durable and non-durable) declined markedly. Imports of agricultural products were lower than in October 2024. Total imports decreased also on the back of a decline in fuel prices.

Exports of services stood at PLN 43.0bn, up by PLN 1.8bn (i.e. 4.5%) on the corresponding month of 2024. Imports of services stood at PLN 29.2bn, having increased by PLN 1.7bn (i.e. 6.2%) on the October 2024 figure.

The balance of the primary income account was negative at PLN 7.8bn. Compared to the corresponding period of 2024, it deteriorated by PLN 0.6bn. The largest contributor to the worsening of the negative balance of the primary income account was the negative balance of direct investment, down by PLN 0.7bn. This was affected by a decline (of PLN 0.7bn) in the income of Polish direct investors, with virtually unchanged income of foreign direct investors. Foreign direct investors’ income amounted to PLN 13.1bn in October 2025. The amount of the negative balance of primary income was also determined by the payment of income on portfolio investment and other investment (PLN 2.1bn each).